Revisiting the decoded genomes to promptly reveal their genomic perspectives

Post Arabidopsis thaliana, 55 genomes comprising 49 different plant species have been decoded by use of clone-by-clone, whole genome shotgun and nextgeneration sequencing approaches. The structural outcomes of these sequenced genomes shed light on their genomic constitution, particularly the way genes, transposable elements and genetic markers are organized within the genomes. The functional outcomes provide a brief account of specific phenotypic trait characteristics of crop genomes by digging deep into the genetic make-up of transcription factors, regulatory elements and gene families governing multiple agronomic traits in these crop plants. The comparative and evolutionary outcomes deduce the genetic basis of biological diversity and basic process of genome evolution by analysing the syntenic relationships among genes and genomes/chromosomes of the sequenced crop plants. Therefore, a revisit to published genome sequence landmarks in 30 major cultivated food crops constituting major groups (cereals, legumes, vegetables, fruits, oilseeds and fibres) would significantly assist us to gain a detailed insight into their genome organization and dissect the structural, functional, comparative and evolutionary intricacies for identifying speciesand lineage-specific genes controlling multiple characteristics in crop plants. The essential inputs obtained will be helpful in devising efficient strategies to develop high-yielding climateready crop varieties through translational genomics.