Invited Review Role of veins in regulation of pulmonary circulation
نویسندگان
چکیده
Gao, Yuansheng, and J. Usha Raj. Role of veins in regulation of pulmonary circulation. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 288: L213–L226, 2005; doi: 10.1152/ajplung.00103.2004.—Pulmonary veins have been seen primarily as conduit vessels; however, over the past two decades, a large amount of evidence has accumulated to indicate that pulmonary veins can exhibit substantial vasoactivity. In this review, the role of veins in regulation of the pulmonary circulation, particularly during the perinatal period and under certain pathophysiological conditions, is discussed. In the fetus, pulmonary veins contribute a significant fraction to total pulmonary vascular resistance. At birth, the veins as well as the arteries relax in response to endothelium-derived nitric oxide and dilator prostaglandins, thereby assisting in the fall in pulmonary vascular resistance. These effects are oxygen dependent and modulated by cGMP-dependent protein kinase. Under chronic hypoxic conditions, pulmonary veins undergo remodeling and demonstrate substantial constriction and hypertrophy. In a number of species, including the human, pulmonary veins are also the primary sites of action of certain vasoconstrictors such as endothelin and thromboxane. In various pathological conditions, there is an increased synthesis of these vasoactive agents that may lead to pulmonary venous constriction, increased microvascular pressures for fluid filtration, and formation of pulmonary edema. In conclusion, the significant role of veins in regulation of the pulmonary circulation needs to be appreciated to better prevent, diagnose, and treat lung disease.
منابع مشابه
Role of veins in regulation of pulmonary circulation.
Pulmonary veins have been seen primarily as conduit vessels; however, over the past two decades, a large amount of evidence has accumulated to indicate that pulmonary veins can exhibit substantial vasoactivity. In this review, the role of veins in regulation of the pulmonary circulation, particularly during the perinatal period and under certain pathophysiological conditions, is discussed. In t...
متن کاملYoung Male’s Post Appendectomy Complication of Pulmonary Thromboembolism
The main goal of this report was to share with clinicians an atypical presentation of pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) in a young male`s post-appendectomy, whom he had no significant predisposing factors for such disease. The case also introduced for re-examining the challenges of PTE clinical manifestations which may mimic other differential diagnosis. PTE is an abrupt blockage of the pulmonary...
متن کاملLung Edema Clearance: 20 Years of Progress Invited Review: Lung edema clearance: role of Na -K -ATPase
Sznajder, J. I., P. Factor, and D. H. Ingbar. Invited Review: Lung edema clearance: role of Na -K -ATPase. J Appl Physiol 93: 1860–1866, 2002. 10.1152/japplphysiol.00022.2002.—Acute hypoxemic respiratory failure is a consequence of edema accumulation due to elevation of pulmonary capillary pressures and/or increases in permeability of the alveolocapillary barrier. It has been recognized that lu...
متن کاملA Review of The Role of The Microbiome on Immune Responses and Its Association With Cystic Fibrosis
In recent years, the microbiome has been recognized as a key regulator of immune responses. Evidence suggests that changes in the microbiome can lead to chronic disease and even exacerbation of the disease. Impairment of innate immunity resulting from microbial incompatibility may worsen host susceptibility to infection and exacerbate chronic lung diseases. Specific microbes play a key role in ...
متن کاملVenous circulation of the bronchial wall.
Bronchial supply plays an important role in both the protecting mechanisms and the pathogenic ones of many chronic inflammatory, infections or ischemic diseases of the lung. However, little is known regarding the bronchial supply development; the appearance of the connections to the functional pulmonary supply; the territory supplied by the bronchial veins. In this study, we follow the distribu...
متن کامل