Review of Coupon Systems
نویسنده
چکیده
Coupons are very effective way of promoting products and widely used by merchants. As smartphones became indispensable to life and are carried by almost everybody, mobile coupons are replacing traditional paper coupons. Group coupon is one of the coupon sale types where sold coupons are money refunded unless the number of buyers reach to certain predetermined number. Groupon is an American online group-coupon sale company that refused Google’s $6 billion offer. This paper reviews coupon systems and introduces our design of a coupon system.
منابع مشابه
The Hypergeometric Coupon Collection Problem and its Dual
Suppose an urn contains M balls, of different types, which are removed from the urn in a uniform random manner. In the hypergeometric coupon collection problem, we are interested in the set of balls that have been removed at the moment when at least one ball of each type has been removed. In its dual, we are interested in the set of removed balls at the first moment that this set contains all o...
متن کاملFeynman perturbation expansion for the price of coupon bond options and swaptions in quantum finance. I. Theory.
European options on coupon bonds are studied in a quantum field theory model of forward interest rates. Swaptions are briefly reviewed. An approximation scheme for the coupon bond option price is developed based on the fact that the volatility of the forward interest rates is a small quantity. The field theory for the forward interest rates is Gaussian, but when the payoff function for the coup...
متن کاملQuantum finance Hamiltonian for coupon bond European and barrier options.
Coupon bond European and barrier options are financial derivatives that can be analyzed in the Hamiltonian formulation of quantum finance. Forward interest rates are modeled as a two-dimensional quantum field theory and its Hamiltonian and state space is defined. European and barrier options are realized as transition amplitudes of the time integrated Hamiltonian operator. The double barrier op...
متن کاملA comprehensive unified model of structural and reduced form type for defaultable fixed income bonds
The aim of this paper is to generalize the comprehensive structural model for defaultable fixed income bonds (considered in R. Agliardi, A comprehensive structural model for defaultable fixed-income bondsو Quant. Finance 11 (2011), no. 5, 749--762.) into a comprehensive unified model of structural and reduced form models. In our model the bond holders receive the deterministic co...
متن کاملA Handy Multi-coupon System
A coupon is an electronic data that represents the right to access a service provided by a service provider (e.g. gift certificates or movie tickets). Recently, a privacyprotecting multi-coupon system that allows a user to withdraw a predefined number of single coupons from the service provider has been proposed by Chen et al. at Financial Crypto 2005. In this system, every coupon has the same ...
متن کامل