Ecological Characters and Phylogeny
نویسنده
چکیده
Theoretical considerations often suggest that ecological parameters of insects evolve rapidly, so that close taxa differentiate or distant ones converge. Phylogenetic analysis provides evidence both for and against such hypotheses. Ecological data may be incorporated into phylogeny reconstruction or evaluated against existing cladograms. Explicit statements regarding definition of alternative character states and direction of state change can trace evolution through hypothetical ancestors, establishing the most parsimonious explanation for observed data. Recent appliCations of these methods suggest that, wheh properly used and defined, ecological traits accurately reflect phylogeny. Some statistical methods aspire to factor out phylogenetic linkage from the correlation between traits, but such techniques are problematic. This review offers examples to demonstrate these general points and to stress the importance of a phylogenetic perspective in insect ecology. Specific issues examined within the cladistic framework include the phylogeny of insect-host plant interactions and the evolution of mimetic and mutualistic relationships.
منابع مشابه
Ecological diversification and phylogeny of emydid turtles
Ecological diversification is a central topic in ecology and evolutionary biology. We undertook the first comprehensive species-level phylogenetic analysis of Emydidae (an ecologically diverse group of turtles), and used the resulting phylogeny to test four general hypotheses about ecological diversification. Phylogenetic analyses were based on data from morphology (237 parsimony-informative ch...
متن کاملMolecular phylogeny and taxonomy of species of Cousinia section Stenocephalae (Asteraceae) in NE of Iran
In this study, the phylogeny and morphological variation of 6 species of the genus Cousinia sect. Stenocephalae, i.e., C. hypopolia, C. decipiens, C. esfandiarii, C. renominata, C. stahliana and C. daryoushiana, distributed in NE regions of Iran, were investigated. ITS, ETS and rpl32-trnL (UAG) sequences for 12 species (17 specimens) were generated. Phylogenetic interspecies relationships were ...
متن کاملTesting whether ecological factors promote cladogenesis in a group of tiger beetles (Coleoptera: Cicindelidae)
We investigate the role of ecological di¡erentiation in cladogenesis of a monophyletic group of North American tiger beetles, the subgenus Ellipsoptera (genus: Cicindela), by reconstructing their species-level phylogeny from mitochondrial DNA sequences. Observed reconstructions of ecological characters on the phylogeny are compared to those expected under simple null models of no association wi...
متن کاملPhylogeny and morphological traits evolution of Astragalus sects. Acanthophace and Aegacantha in Iran on the basis of nrDNA ITS and rpl32-trnLUAG sequences
In this study, phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary trends of morphological characters of Astragalus sects. Acanthophace and Aegacantha were studied using nrDNA ITS and rpl32-trnLUAG datasets while Astragalus stocksii was selected as the outgroup. The phylogenetic results indicated the non-monophyly of A. sect. Acanthophace in its current circumscription due to the distant exclusion of A...
متن کاملPhylogenetic relationships in Ranunculus species (Ranunculaceae) based on nrDNA ITS and cpDNA trnL-F sequences
The genus Ranunculus L., with a worldwide distribution, is the largest member of the Ranunculaceae. Here, nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence data and chloroplast trnLF sequence data were used to analyze phylogenetic relationships among members of the annual and perennial (Group Praemorsa, Group Rhizomatosa, Group Grumosa and Group non-Grumosa) species of Ranunculus...
متن کامل