Supplemental: Handicap principle implies emergence of dimorphic ornaments
نویسندگان
چکیده
Sara M. Clifton, ∗ Rosemary I. Braun, 3 and Daniel M. Abrams 3, 4 Department of Engineering Sciences and Applied Mathematics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA Division of Biostatistics, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA Northwestern Institute for Complex Systems, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
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Handicap principle implies emergence of dimorphic ornaments.
Species spanning the animal kingdom have evolved extravagant and costly ornaments to attract mating partners. Zahavi's handicap principle offers an elegant explanation for this: ornaments signal individual quality, and must be costly to ensure honest signalling, making mate selection more efficient. Here, we incorporate the assumptions of the handicap principle into a mathematical model and sho...
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Many species are sexually dimorphic and, interestingly, males in some species are dimorphic themselves: some males develop weapons and ornaments, whereas others express rudimentary ornaments or none at all (horned beetles, Onthophagus taurus: Emlen, Lavine, & Ewen-Campen, 2007; Moczek & Emlen, 2000; bluegill sunfish, Lepomis macrochirus: Dominey, 1980; Gross & Charnov, 1980; ruffs, Philomachus ...
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ABSTRACf. Secondary sexual ornaments as signals:77te handicap approach and three potential problems.Secondary sexual ornaments have recently been discussed in the context of biological signals, and the handicap principle has been suggested as a model explaining their evolution. The handicap principle predicts that at equilibrium, sexual ornaments will be honest signals of the male's quality. Th...
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Sara M. Clifton, ∗ Rosemary I. Braun, 3 and Daniel M. Abrams 3, 4 Department of Engineering Sciences and Applied Mathematics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA Division of Biostatistics, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA Northwestern Institute for Complex Systems, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA Department of Physics and Astronomy,...
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Genetic models of the handicap theory of sexual selection propose that ornaments signal heritable male quality, so females mating with the most ornamented males acquire fitness benefits for their offspring. Male ornaments are predicted to have co evolved with female preference to be larger, and so more costly. The key prediction made by the handicap hypothesis is that male sexual traits have e...
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