Reduction of Consecutive Esotropia Using Modified Contralateral Recession and Resection for Recurrent Intermittent Exotropia.

PURPOSE To report consecutive esotropia in contralateral lateral rectus recession and medial rectus resection for recurrent intermittent exotropia after unilateral lateral rectus recession and medial rectus resection and to evaluate the surgical outcome of modified contralateral lateral rectus recession and medial rectus resection for exotropia after unilateral lateral rectus recession and medial rectus resection. METHODS A total of 36 patients were included in this retrospective study. As a primary surgery for exotropia, all patients underwent unilateral lateral rectus recession and medial rectus resection on the non-dominant eye. Patients were subsequently assigned to either conventional contralateral lateral rectus recession and medial rectus resection (surgical dosages based on Wright's surgical table) (n = 19; conventional group) or modified contralateral lateral rectus recession and medial rectus resection (surgical dosages reduced by 5 prism diopters on Wright's surgical table) (n = 17; modified group) for recurrent exotropia. Surgical success rates were evaluated. Reoperation or prism glasses prescription rates due to consecutive esotropia were evaluated. RESULTS The mean follow-up durations after reoperation were 25.8 and 24.0 months in the conventional and modified groups, respectively. The surgical success rates were 73.7% and 82.4% (P = .538, Fisher's exact test) and the recurrence rates were 0% and 17.6% (P = .059, Fisher's exact test), respectively. The reoperation or prism glasses prescription rates due to consecutive esotropia were 26.3% and 0%, respectively (P = .025, Fisher's exact test). CONCLUSIONS Final outcomes were better in the modified group compared to the conventional group. Consecutive esotropia was significantly more frequent in the conventional group than in the modified group. In surgery for recurrent exotropia, a reduction of the surgical dosage will reduce the incidence of consecutive esotropia. [J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2018;55(1):53-58.].