Optical Coherence Tomograpic Features in Idiopathic Retinitis, Vasculitis, Aneurysms and Neuroretinitis (IRVAN)

The purpose of this was to evaluate the Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) findings in Idiopathic retinitis, vasculitis, aneurysms and neuroretinitis (IRVAN). In this observational case series, three patients with IRVAN were evaluated. The patients underwent complete ophthalmological examination including best-corrected Snellen visual acuity, slit-lamp biomicroscopy, applanation tonometry, fundus photography, fluorescein angiography, and OCT. The main outcome measures were central macular thickness (CMT) and associated morphological changes in different layers of the retina on OCT. In this series there were 2 male patients and 1 female patient. The OCT tomogram of all the three patients demonstrated diffuse retinal thickening with loss of the normal foveal pit contour. The increased thickness in two of the three eyes was associated with focal areas of hyper reflectivity with high backscattering of the inner retinal layers in the macular area suggestive of macular exudation. In the third patient, OCT images demonstrated vitreomacular traction in addition to focal exudative maculopathy. Epiretinal membrane was also observed on OCT scans of two patients. In conclusion, OCT appears to be valuable tool in evaluating the macular pathological changes in IRVAN. It is helpful in detecting early sub-clinical findings like vitreomacular traction and epiretinal membrane. The identification of these changes can provide further insight to the cause of visual loss in patients with IRVAN.