Electromagnetic Nanoscale Metrology Based on Entropy Production and Fluctuations

Casimir ‎effects‎‎ of nano objects in fluctuating scalar and electromagnetic fields: Thermodynamic investigating

 Casimir entropy is an important aspect of casimir effect and at the nanoscale is visible. In this paper, we employ the path integral method to ‎obtain a‎ ‎general‎ relation for casimir entropy and ‎i‎nternal energy of arbitrary shaped objects in the presence of two, three and four dimension scalar fields and ‎the‎ electromagnetic field. For this purpose, using Lagrangian and based on a perturb...

An Analysis of the Interaction of Electromagnetic and Thermal Fields with Materials Based on Fluctuations and Entropy Production

Transport of Heat and Charge in Electromagnetic Metrology Based on Nonequilibrium Statistical Mechanics

Current research is probing transport on ever smaller scales. Modeling of the electromagnetic interaction with nanoparticles or small collections of dipoles and its associated energy transport and nonequilibrium characteristics requires a detailed understanding of transport properties. The goal of this paper is to use a nonequilibrium statistical-mechanical method to obtain exact time-correlati...

Optimization of Finned-Tube Heat Exchanger with Minimizing the Entropy Production rate

A compact fin-tube heat exchanger is used to transfer current fluid heat inside the tubes into the air outside. In this study, entropy production and optimized Reynolds number for finned-tube heat exchangers based on the minimum entropy production have been investigated. As a result, the total entropy of compact heat exchangers, which is the summation of the production rate of fluid entropy ins...

Analysis of Frequency Leakage in Different Optical Paths of Nano-Metrology Systems Based on Frequency-Path Models

The drawing of frequency-path (F-P) models of optical beams is an approach for nonlinearity analysis in nano-metrology systems and sensors based on the laser interferometers. In this paper, the frequency-path models of four nano-metrology laser interferometry systems are designed, analyzed and simulated, including ...