Neurobiology of sleep.

Cinnamaldehyde Antagonizes REM Sleep Reduction Induced by Immobilization Stress in Rats

Background and purpose: Sleep and stress are linked in a bidirectional manner. Immobilization stress is a simple model that could be used easily in animal studies for understanding the neurobiology of stress-sleep relationship. Cinnamaldehyde as a herbal medicine with antioxidant activities could be investigated in modulating sleep-stress interaction. Materials and methods: In the present stud...

Displacement of the sleep period and sleep deprivation. Implications for shift work.

The neurobiology of sleep.

The neurobiology of sleep and narcolepsy is reviewed. Non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep is generated by neurons in the preoptic region of the hypothalamus and adjacent basal forebrain. Lesions in these regions cause insomnia. Stimulation of these regions rapidly produces sleep onset. The key brain structure for generating REM sleep is the pons and adjacent portions of the midbrain. Damage to ...

The neurobiology, diagnosis, and treatment of narcolepsy.

Narcolepsy is a common cause of chronic sleepiness distinguished by intrusions into wakefulness of physiological aspects of rapid eye movement sleep such as cataplexy and hallucinations. Recent advances provide compelling evidence that narcolepsy may be a neurodegenerative or autoimmune disorder resulting in a loss of hypothalamic neurons containing the neuropeptide orexin (also known as hypocr...

Genotype-dependent differences in sleep, vigilance, and response to stimulants.

To better understand the neurobiology of sleep disorders, detailed understanding of circadian and homeostatic sleep-wake regulation in healthy volunteers is mandatory. Sleep physiology and the repercussions of experimentally-induced sleep deprivation on sleep and waking electroencephalogram (EEG), vigilance and subjective state are highly variable, even in healthy individuals. Accumulating evid...