Prognostic Uses of MSI Testing
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Clinical Aspects of Microsatellite Instability Testing in Colorectal Cancer
Microsatellite instability (MSI) is a molecular hallmark for some colorectal cancers (CRCs) in which short tandem repeats are prone to mutations along with DNA sequences. It is due to DNA-mismatch-repair system deficiency because of a germline/somatic mutation in mismatch-repair (MMR) genes. The germline mutations lead to Lynch syndrome (LS) while epigenetic gene silencing results in sporadic C...
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Although microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) colorectal cancers (CRCs) have been shown to exhibit a distinct phenotype, the clinical value of MSI-low (MSI-L) in CRC remains unclear. We designed this study to examine the clinicopathologic characteristics and oncologic implications associated with MSI-L CRCs. We retrospectively reviewed data of CRC patients from 3 tertiary referral hospitals ...
متن کاملReflex microsatellite instability & immunohistochemistry testing practices & follow-up of abnormal results at U.S. cancer programs
Background Abnormal results of microsatellite instability (MSI) or immunohistochemistry (IHC) testing of colorectal (CRC) tumors may suggest the presence of Lynch Syndrome (LS), a hereditary cause of CRC. Individuals with LS are at high risk for second primary cancers. Abnormal results of MSI and IHC testing influence care decisions. MSI is also a prognostic marker. The purpose of this survey-b...
متن کاملExpending Role of Microsatellite Instability in Diagnosis and Treatment of Colorectal Cancers
BACKGROUND Colorectal carcinomas with high-frequency microsatellite instability (MSI-H) account for 15% of all colorectal cancers, including 12% of sporadic cases and 3% of cancers associated with Lynch syndrome (also known as hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer syndrome, HNPCC). Lynch syndrome is an autosomal dominant hereditary cancer syndrome, caused by germline mutations in mismatch r...
متن کاملDetection of microsatellite instability in colorectal cancer using an alternative multiplex assay of quasi-monomorphic mononucleotide markers.
Colorectal malignancies demonstrating microsatellite instability (MSI) have a very heterogeneous histological appearance, better prognosis, and altered response to therapy. Consequently, identification of the MSI phenotype is both relevant and interesting as a screening and prognostic tool and as a potential predictive factor of chemotherapeutic response. Several groups have argued for the excl...
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