Training Systems for Mechanization in Vineyards

Most 'Concord' vineyards in Arkansas have been trained to the Umbrella Kniffin (UK) system and pruned to a 30+10 schedule. In the Geneva Double Curtain (GDC) training system (a 1.2 m divided double curtain "T" type trellis) shoots are positioned vertically toward the vineyard floor. Under northern conditions, this system allows better distribution of fruiting spurs, reduced shading of interior shoots, and produces higher yields on vigorous vines than UK or Single Curtain (SC) training. Because of this, and the prospects of pruning mechanization, which requires cordon-trained vines, Arkansas vineyards may need to be shifted to GDC or SC systems.