THE FREE ENERGIES OF FORMATION OF AQUEOUS d-ALANINE, I-ASPARTIC ACID, AND d-GLUTAMIC ACID BY HENRY BORSOOK
نویسندگان
چکیده
The employment of thermodynamics in biochemistry has been restricted, until recently, to the use of first law data. In the last few years a beginning has been made in the application of the second law; i.e., of free energy data (1, 2). The development of this field is limited by the paucity of available free energy data. We have therefore undertaken the systematic determination of the free energies of formation of compounds which may be interesting in biochemistry or physiology. At the outset the query is met, of course, as to the universal validity of the second law of thermodynamics in biological systems. We shall deal with the general question in future publications. For the present it is profitable to assume that organisms obey the second law of thermodynamics as do macroscopic systems. We shall assume, therefore, that the theoretical maximum amount of work derivable from any process is given by the equation’ WR = -AF + A(PV) (1)
منابع مشابه
Comparison Studies on Complexation of Molybdenum(VI) with Aspartic Acid And Glutamic Acid in Different Dielectric Constants1
Equilibria of the reaction of molybdenum(VI) with L-aspartic acid (Asp) and L- Glutamic acid(Glu) have been studied by spectrophotometric measurements in mixed solvent systems at an ionicstrength of 0.2 mol/dm3 sodium perchlorate, employed (15, 20, 25, 30± 0.1°C) at pH ranges of 3.2to 5.5 with a high ratio of ligand to metal. The stability constants of the complexes and theresulting free energy...
متن کاملLetters to the Editors.
The oxidation-reduction potential of cozymase (diphosphopyridine nucleotide) was calculated from the free energies of formation of aqueous d-alanine and d-glutamic acid based on thermal data, and the equilibria measured by Wurmser and Filitti-Wurmser’ for pyruvate + 2H+ + 2(e) + alanine + HzO, by Cohen2 for a-ketoglutarate + alanine s d-glutamate and pyruvate, and by von Euler et aLa for the re...
متن کاملSynthesis and Functionalization of Gold Nanoparticles by Using of Poly Functional Amino Acids
Synthesis and characterization of two functionalized gold nanoparticles by using of two poly functional amino acids (L-Arginine and L-Aspartic acid) are reported. The gold nanoparticles were reduced by sodium citrate and functionalized with L-Arginine at the pH of 7 and 11 and L-Aspartic acid at the pH of 7. Transmission electron microscopy, UV-Vis spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, zeta p...
متن کاملTHE CONDUCTIVITIES OF AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS OF GLYCINE, d,l-VALINE, AND l-ASPARAGINE
1. The conductivities of aqueous solutions of glycine, d,l-valine, and l-asparagine have been determined, and comparisons have been made with similar data reported in the literature. 2. On the basis of certain theoretical considerations, calculations of the expected conductivities of aqueous solutions of glycine, asparagine, aspartic acid, and glutamic acid have been made and these data have be...
متن کاملInvestigating the Effect of Doping Graphene with Silicon in the Adsorption of Alanine by Density Functional Theory
In this investigation, the influence of doping graphene with silicon in the adsorption of alanine amino acid was inspected computationally. For this purpose, the structures of pure graphene, silicon doped graphene, alanine and 10 derived products of the alanine reaction with pure and silicon doped nano-adsorbents were optimized geometrically. Afterwards, the values of adsorption energy, formati...
متن کامل