Bending fatigue of hybrid composite rods

The flexural fatigue behavior of hybrid composite rods comprised of unidirectional carbon and glass fibers was investigated. Damage was evaluated by monitoring stiffness loss as a function of cycles, and bending fatigue failure was defined in terms of strength retention. The acoustic emission technique and microscopic examination were used to characterize damage progression and failure mechanisms. The number of cycles to failure depended on applied stress level, and a two-parameter Weibull analysis was used to incorporate probability of failure to the S–N curve. Damage initiated and propagated as a result of matrix cracking and fiber bundle failures within the GF shell. Bending fatigue damage only initiated when the hybrid was exposed to a deflection in excess of 42% of flexural strength, which does not occur in actual conductor field use. Damage reached a saturation point along the GF/CF interface because of the stress concentration that existed between the two material systems, resulting in asymptotic behavior of the stiffness loss. Because damage did not extend into the CF core, static mechanical properties were retained to ∼85% or more.