Longer latency of sensory response to intravenous odor injection predicts olfactory neural disorder
نویسندگان
چکیده
A near loss of smell may result from conductive and/or neural olfactory disorders. However, an olfactory test to selectively detect neural disorders has not been established. We investigated whether onset latency of sensory response to intravenous odor injection can detect neural disorders in humans and mice. We showed that longer preoperative onset latency of odor recognition to intravenous odor in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis predicted worse recovery of olfactory symptoms following sinus surgery. The onset latency of the olfactory sensory neuron (OSN) response to intravenous odor using synaptopHluorin signals from OSN axon terminals was delayed in mice with reduced numbers of OSNs (neural disorder) but not with increased mucus or blocked orthonasal pathways (conductive disorders). Moreover, the increase in onset latency correlated with the decrease in mature OSN numbers. Longer onset latency to intravenous odor injection is a useful biomarker for presence and severity of olfactory disorders with neural etiology.
منابع مشابه
Spontaneous and Sensory - evoked Activity in Mouse Olfactory Sensory 1 Neurons with Defined Odorant Receptors
24 25 Sensory systems need to tease out stimulation-evoked activity against a noisy background. In the 26 olfactory system, the odor response profile of an olfactory sensory neuron (OSN) is dependent on the 27 type of odorant receptor it expresses. OSNs also exhibit spontaneous activity, which plays a role in 28 establishing proper synaptic connections and may also increase the sensitivity of t...
متن کاملEffects of odor stimulation on antidromic spikes in olfactory sensory neurons.
Spikes were evoked in rat olfactory sensory neuron (OSN) populations by electrical stimulation of the olfactory bulb nerve layer in pentobarbital anesthetized rats. The latencies and recording positions for these compound spikes showed that they originated in olfactory epithelium. Dual simultaneous recordings indicated conduction velocities in the C-fiber range, around 0.5 m/s. These spikes are...
متن کاملAntidromic Spikes in Olfactory Sensory Neurons
Spikes were evoked in rat olfactory sensory neuron (OSN) populations by electrical stimulation of the olfactory bulb nerve layer in pentobarbital anesthetized rats. The latencies and recording positions for these compound spikes showed that they originated in olfactory epithelium. Dual simultaneous recordings indicated conduction velocities in the C-fiber range, around 0.5 m/sec. These spikes a...
متن کاملCellular registration without behavioral recall of olfactory sensory input under general anesthesia.
BACKGROUND Previous studies suggest that sensory information is "received" but not "perceived" under general anesthesia. Whether and to what extent the brain continues to process sensory inputs in a drug-induced unconscious state remain unclear. METHODS One hundred seven rats were randomly assigned to 12 different anesthesia and odor exposure paradigms. The immunoreactivities of the immediate...
متن کاملOdor-induced persistent discharge of mitral cells in the mouse olfactory bulb.
Short-term retention of sensory information in the form of persistent activity of central neurons plays a key role in transforming a brief sensory stimulation into longer-lasting brain responses. The olfactory system uses this transformation for various functional purposes, but the underlying neuronal mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we recorded odor-evoked, single-unit spike responses of mitra...
متن کامل