Laparoendoscopic Single-Site Surgery for Vesicorectal Fistula Repair

Background and Objectives: Minimally invasive techniques have been introduced to decrease the morbidity related to standard laparoscopic procedures. One such approach is transvesical laparoendoscopic single-site surgery (T-LESS). We describe our clinical experience of using this technique for vesicorectal fistula (VRF) repair. Description: In October 2013, we performed the T-LESS repair of a vesicorectal fistula of 5 mm diameter in a 72-year-old man, in whom conservative treatment with temporary colostomy and Foley catheter placement had failed. The procedure was performed transvesically (percutaneous intraluminal approach) with a single-port device via a 15 mm incision made 20 mm above the pubic symphysis. Standard 10 mm optic and straight laparoscopic instruments were used. The fistulous tract was dissected and closed in two layers with a running, absorbable, barbed suture. A cystostomy tube was left in place for 22 days, and a Foley catheter for 1 week. Results: The operation lasted 155 min. Blood loss was minimal. No complications were observed. The postoperative period was uneventful. During a 5-week follow-up, the patient reported no involuntary discharge of urine into the rectum. A voiding cystourethrogram revealed no presence of VRF, and laboratory examination results were all within the normal range. The colostomy was closed after 4 months, and a 12-month follow-up confirmed the integrity of both the urinary and digestive tracts. Conclusion: Although substantial development of the instruments and skills is needed, the T-LESS VRF repair appears to be feasible and safe. Nevertheless, further experience and observations are necessary.