Chloral hydrate
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چکیده
Major uses Chloral hydrate (synthesized in 1832 and introduced into medicine 1869) is the oldest member of sedative-hypnotic drugs. To the same group belong paraldehyde, bromide, urethane, and sulfonal. Metabolite of chloral hydrate, trichloroethanol, is also an excellent hypnotic agent, but is not often used as such due to its physical and irritant properties. At present, chloral hydrate is largely displaced by using of benzodiazepines and barbiturates [3]. Chloral hydrate is used as a chemical reagent and precursor. The anhydrous form is an intermediate in the synthesis of the insecticides (DDT, methoxychlor, naled, trichlorfon, and dichlorvos), and the herbicide trichloroacetic acid [1]. Chloral hydrate is also used as an anesthetic agent in the veterinary medicine [1].
منابع مشابه
Comparison effect of pentobarbital sodium with chloral hydrate anesthesia on post-ischemic damage in an experimental model of focal cerebral ischemia
Introduction: Anesthetic agents, blood pressure, arterial pH and blood gases have found to influence on the pathophysiology of experimental stroke. Despite, there are very few comparative studies about effects of anesthetic agents in animal model of cerebral ischemia. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the effects of chloral hydrate and pentobarbital anesthesia, as comparative study, on...
متن کاملChloral hydrate for sedation of children with asthma during dental treatment.
AIM We hypothesised that chloral hydrate is safe and effective for sedation during dental treatments for children with mild asthma. We evaluated the safety and efficacy of chloral hydrate by measuring changes in heart rate (HR), transcutaneous oxygen saturation, (SpO2), asthma score, behaviour, types and frequency of adverse reactions associated with chloral hydrate were assessed throughout tre...
متن کاملSleep Inducing for EEG Recording in Children: A Comparison between Oral Midazolam and Chloral Hydrate
OBJECTIVE Electroencephalography (EEG) recording is a long duration procedure that needs patient's cooperation for device setup and performing the procedure. Many children lose their cooperation during this procedure. Therefore, sedation and sleep are frequently induced using a few agents as pre procedure medication in children before EEG recording. We aimed to compare the sedative effects of o...
متن کاملChloral hydrate-dependent reduction in the peptidoglycan-induced inflammatory macrophage response is associated with lower expression levels of toll-like receptor 2
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect and mechanism of action of chloral hydrate on the peptidoglycan (PGN)-induced inflammatory macrophage response. The effect of chloral hydrate on the production of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) by murine peritoneal macrophages with PGN-stimulation was investigated. In addition, RAW264.7 cells transfected with a nuclea...
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