Combining expression and comparative evolutionary analysis. The COBRA gene family.
نویسندگان
چکیده
Plant cell shape is achieved through a combination of oriented cell division and cell expansion and is defined by the cell wall. One of the genes identified to influence cell expansion in the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) root is the COBRA (COB) gene that belongs to a multigene family. Three members of the AtCOB gene family have been shown to play a role in specific types of cell expansion or cell wall biosynthesis. Functional orthologs of one of these genes have been identified in maize (Zea mays) and rice (Oryza sativa; Schindelman et al., 2001; Li et al., 2003; Brown et al., 2005; Persson et al., 2005; Ching et al., 2006; Jones et al., 2006). We present the maize counterpart of the COB gene family and the COB gene superfamily phylogeny. Most of the genes belong to a family with two main clades as previously identified by analysis of the Arabidopsis family alone. Within these clades, however, clear differences between monocot and eudicot family members exist, and these are analyzed in the context of Type I and Type II cell walls in eudicots and monocots. In addition to changes at the sequence level, gene regulation of this family in a eudicot, Arabidopsis, and a monocot, maize, is also characterized. Gene expression is analyzed in a multivariate approach, using data from a number of sources, including massively parallel signature sequencing libraries, transcriptional reporter fusions, and microarray data. This analysis has revealed that the expression of Arabidopsis and maize COB gene family members is highly developmentally and spatially regulated at the tissue and cell type-specific level, that gene superfamily members show overlapping and unique expression patterns, and that only a subset of gene superfamily members act in response to environmental stimuli. Regulation of expression of the Arabidopsis COB gene family members has highly diversified in comparison to that of the maize COB gene superfamily members. We also identify BRITTLE STALK 2-LIKE 3 as a putative ortholog of AtCOB.
منابع مشابه
Genome Analysis Combining Expression and Comparative Evolutionary Analysis. The COBRA Gene Family
Department of Biology and The Institute for Genome Sciences and Policy, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708 (S.M.B., P.N.B.); Syngenta Biotechnology, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709 (S.S.); Genetic Discovery Group, Crop Genetics Research and Development, Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Johnston, Iowa 50131–1004 (K.S.D.); and Genetic Discovery Group, DuPont Crop Genetics Re...
متن کاملAnalysis and Professional Designing of COBRA (Computationally Optimized Broadly Reactive Antigen) Vaccine for Bm86 midgut Protein of R. microplus and R. annulatus Ticks
Introduction: The cattle tick Rhipicephalus spp. causes significant economic losses due to diseases in animals and human. Bm86 is a midgut protein and vaccine candidate, which its sequences among the isolates of Ripsephalus spp are geographically separated, variable, and are the main reason for reducing effectiveness, and subsequently, the failure of the recombinant vaccines. Method: In this bi...
متن کاملComparative Phylogenetic Perspectives on the Evolutionary Relationships in the Brine Shrimp Artemia Leach, 1819 (Crustacea: Anostraca) Based on Secondary Structure of ITS1 Gene
This is the first study on phylogenetic relationships in the genus Artemia Leach, 1819 using the pattern and sequence of secondary structures of internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1). Significant intraspecific variation in the secondary structure of ITS1 rRNA was found in Artemia tibetiana. In the phylogenetic tree based on joined primary and secondary structure sequences, Artemia urmiana and pa...
متن کاملAnalysis and Professional Designing of COBRA (Computationally Optimized Broadly Reactive Antigen) Vaccine for Bm86 midgut Protein of R. microplus and R. annulatus Ticks
Introduction: The cattle tick Rhipicephalus spp. causes significant economic losses due to diseases in animals and human. Bm86 is a midgut protein and vaccine candidate, which its sequences among the isolates of Ripsephalus spp are geographically separated, variable, and are the main reason for reducing effectiveness, and subsequently, the failure of the recombinant vaccines. Method: In this bi...
متن کاملEvaluation of β-actin as a Reference Gene for Comparative Expression Analysis of Equine Adipose- and Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells by qRT-PCR
Background Bone marrow and adipose tissue are two main sources of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Some of studies suggest that there are some differences in gene expression profile of MSCs-derived from various tissues. To investigate gene expression profile by qRT-PCR, an appropriate reference gene with stable expression level should be chosen for normalizing data. This study was designed to e...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید
ثبت ناماگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید
ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- Plant physiology
دوره 143 1 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2007