Surgical treatment for asymptomatic cholelithiasis.

Evidence-Based Answer Surgery should not be offered to patients with asymptomatic cholelithiasis. (Strength of Recommendation [SOR]: C, based on decision analysis, observational studies, and expert opinion.) Cholecystectomy may be beneficial for patients who are at high risk of biliary cancer, infection, or other complications, including younger patients and those with choledocholithiasis, sickle cell disease, gallstones larger than 3 cm, or significant immunosuppression. (SOR: C, based on cohort studies, observational studies, and expert opinion.)