On Plastic Relaxation of Thermal Stresses in Reinforced Metals
نویسنده
چکیده
-Silver chloride containing alumina fibers or glass microspheres is used as a model material to study matrix plasticity induced by thermal mismatch in metal matrix composites. Resulting matrix dislocations are decorated at room temperature in the bulk material and observed by optical microscopy. Plastic deformation of the matrix around the inclusions is found to take the form of (i) rows of prismatic dislocation loops punched into the matrix and/or (ii) a plastic zone containing tangled dislocations surrounding the inclusions. From the number of loops punched by spheres, the temperature interval over which slip of prismatic loops is operative is calculated to be 100 + 30 K wide. The stress in the plastic zone around fibers is determined from the radius of curvature of pinned dislocations, leading to the conclusion that the matrix is locally strain-hardened. A simple model taking this fact into account is proposed to predict the radius of the plastic zone around embedded cylinders and spheres and is compared to the experimental data. Rrsum~-Le chlorure d'argent contenant des fibres d'alumine ou des microsphrres de verre est utilis6 pour 6tudier la plasticit6 induite par incompatibilit6 thermique darts la matrice de matrriaux composites matrice m&allique. Les dislocations qui en rrsultent sont drcorres dans la matrice ~i temprrature ambiante et observres par microscopie optique. La drformation plastique de la matrice autour de ces inclusions se manifeste par (i) des rangres de boucles de dislocations prismatiques et/ou (ii) une zone plastique contenant des dislocations emmrlres autour des inclusions. A partir du nombre de boucles engendrres par les sphrres, une valeur de I00 _.+ 30 K est calculre pour l'intervale de temprrature pendant lequel le glissement de boucles prismatiques est oprrationel. La tension dans la zone plastique autour de la fibre est ddterminre ~. partir du rayon de courbure de dislocations bloqures, ce qui conduit ~ la conclusion que la matrice est localement 6crouie. Un modrle simple tenant compte de ce fait est propos6 pour prrdire le rayon de la zone platique autour de cylindres ou de sphdres et compar6 aux donnres exprrimentales. Zusammenfassung--Silberchlorid mit Aluminiumoxid Fasern oder Glassmikrokugeln wird als Modellmaterial beniitzt, um die thermisch induzierte Matrixplastizit/it in Verbundwerkstoffen mit metallischer Matrix zu studieren. Resultierende Matrixversetzungen werden bei Raumtemperatur im Materialinnern dekoriert und durch optische Mikroskopie beobachtet. Plastische Verformung der Matrix um die Einschlfisse wird in Form von (i) Reihen yon in die Matrix ausgestossenen prismatischen Versetzungsringen und/oder (ii) einer plastischen Zone, die Versetzunganh/iufungen um den Einschluss enth/ilt, beobachtet. Aus der Zahl der von den Kugeln ausgestossenen Ringen wird das Temperaturinterval, w/ihrend dessen Gleitung prismatischer Ringe wirksam ist, als 100 + 30 K ausgerechnet. Die Spannung in der plastischen Zone um die Fasern wird aus dem Kriimmungsradius blockierter Versetzungen gefunden; aus diesem Resultat wird abgeleitet, dass die Matrix lokal verfestigt ist. Dementsprechend wird ein einfaches Model vorgeschlagen, das den Radius der plastischen Zone um Zylinder und Kugeln vorhersagt, und mit den experimentellen Daten verglichen.
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