Habitat-dependent interactions between two size-classes of juvenile steelhead in a small stream

نویسندگان

  • Bret C. Harvey
  • Rodney J. Nakamoto
چکیده

The presence of small steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss; averaging 55 mm fork length) influenced the growth of larger juvenile steelhead (90 mm fork length) during a 6-week experiment conducted in North Fork Caspar Creek, California, in summer 1994. In fenced replicate deep stream sections in this small stream, growth of the larger steelhead was greater in treatments in which small steelhead constituted half of the total biomass of fish than in treatments with an equal biomass . comprised entirely of larger fish. In shallow habitats, growth of larger fish was lower in the presence of small fish. The growth of small fish was unaffected by the presence of larger juveniles and also was independent of habitat. Survival of both size-classes was high (70-90%) and unrelated to habitat or the presence of the other size-class. The advantage of large body size in intraspecific interactions among steelhead does not exist in all types of habitat, and interactions between the two size-classes may contribute to lower abundance of large juveniles in streams where aggradation reduces water depth. Resume : La presence de petites truites arc-en-ciel (Oncorhynchus mykiss; d'une longueur moyenne a la fourche de 55 mm) a influe sur la croissance de truites arc-en-ciel juveniles de plus grande taille (longueur a la fourche de 90 mm) au cours d'une experience d'une duree de 6 semaines realisee dans le ruisseau North Fork Caspar en Californie au cours de Fete 1994. Dans des sections jumelees profondes de ce petit ruisseau qui ont ete isolees, la croissance des truites arc-en-ciel de plus grande taille etait plus grande lorsque des petites truites arc-en-ciel constituaient la moitie de la biomasse totale de poissons que lorsqu'on maintenait une biomasse equivalente constituee uniquement de poissons de taille plus grande. Dans les habitats peu profonds, la croissance des poissons de plus grande taille etait plus faible en presence de poissons de petite taille. La croissance des poissons de petite taille n'a pas ete affectee par la presence de juveniles de plus grande taille et etait egalement independante de la profondeur de 1'habitat. La survie des deux classes de taille etait elevee (70-90%) et independante de Fhabitat on de la presence de 1'autre classe de taille. L'avantage d'une taille corporelle plus grande dans les interactions intraspecifiques chez les truites arc-en-ciel ne se manifeste pas dans tous les types d'habitats et les interactions entre les deux classes de taille peuvent contribuer a une abondance plus faible de juveniles de grande taille dans les ruisseaux o6 1'alluvionnement reduit la profondeur de 1'eau. [Traduit par la Redaction]

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تاریخ انتشار 2000