A comparative study of rainfall erosivity estimation for southern Italy and southeastern Australia

نویسندگان

  • VITO FERRO
  • PAOLO PORTO
  • BOFU YU
چکیده

In this paper, using Sicilian and Australian rainfall intensity data, a comparison between different estimators (modified Fournier index F, FF index) of the rainfall erosivity factor in the USLE was made. The relationship between the modified Fournier index and the mean annual rainfall, P, was theoretically derived. The K constant, linking the FF index and P, and its cumulative distribution function (CDF) were used to establish hydrological similitude among different geographical regions of southern Italy and southeastern Australia. To predict the erosion risk for an event of given average recurrence interval, the probability distribution of the annual value FaJ of the Arnoldus index was studied. In order to establish the theoretical CDF to use as a regional parent distribution, the descriptive ability of LN2 and EV1 distributions was studied by both an at-site analysis and a hierarchical regional procedure. The analysis showed that for each sub-region of southern Italy and southeastern Australia, characterized by a constant coefficient of variation, the erosion risk index is constant. Etude comparative de l'agressivité des précipitations en Italie méridionale et en Australie du sud-est Résumé Cet article présente une comparaison des résultats obtenus avec différentes méthodes—indice de Fournier modifié F proposé par Arnoldus et indice Fp—pour établir le facteur moyen d'agressivité des précipitations R établi par Wischmeier à partir des données disponibles dans 128 stations en Australie et 629 en Italie. Une relation analytique liant d'une part l'indice d'Arnoldus et la hauteur de précipitation annuelle P et d'autre part l'indice FF et P, est proposée. Le coefficient K qui lie l'indice FF et la hauteur de précipitation P, et la fonction de distribution associée à cette hauteur ont été utilisés pour identifier des similitudes entre les différentes régions des deux entités géographiques étudiées. La distribution de probabilité de la valeur annuelle FaJ de l'indice FF est analysée afin de prédire le risque d'érosion. Dans le but d'obtenir une fonction de distribution synthétique et significative à l'échelle régionale, une analyse a été réalisée pour chaque station à l'aide de deux lois de distribution à deux paramètres (log-normale et Gumbel). Une procédure appliquée à l'échelle régionale démontre que la loi log-normale représente le mieux la distribution des fréquences observées. L'analyse démontre que chaque secteur de l'Italie méridional et du sud-est de l'Australie caractérisé par un coefficient de variation constant possède également un indice de risque d'érosion constant. INTRODUCTION Rainfall erosivity is defined as the aggressiveness of the rain to cause erosion (Lai, 1990). The most common rainfall erosivity index is the R factor of USLE Open for discussion until 1 August 1999

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تاریخ انتشار 1999