Histo - pathological effects of different arthropoda , oocyste and worms infestation on the wild pigeon

The aim of the study was to observe histo-pathological effects of different arthropoda, oocyste and worms infestation on the wild pigeon naturally infected. Gastro-intestinal tract associated organs were removed from the abdomen and tissue sample of 15 birds were collected and proceed in Haematoxylin and Eosin. Fresh fecal samples were examined by direct smear method whereas egg per gram (EPG) was counted by modified Mc Master Technique and centrifugal flotation method using Sheather's saturated sugar solution. Randomly different for histopathological study; these birds also were checked for ecto-parasites. Histopathologicl study shows that degenerative changes in the epithelial tissues of the esophageal and proventriculus gland as well as destructive changes in the epithelium of the esophagus, duodenum and cecum of the pigeons infected with different worms and protozoa. Massive congestion was seen in tissue of pancreas & trachea. In this research, Raillietina spp, Tetramers, Sygnamus, Capillaria, Ascaridia colombae and Oocyste protozoa, Phthiraptera, Ceratophyllus columbae contamination were studied and the frequency were found to be 29%, 5%, 8%, 15%, 4%, 8%, 2% and 5% respectively. Totally, 24% of the pigeons had multiples infection. In this study we collected ectoparasites were included of feather lice (Phthiraptera) and pigeon fleas (Ceratophyllu scolumbae). The result of this study indicated that the prevalence of ecto and endo parasites of wild pigeon are somewhat different than racing and domestic pigeon in the same area, it could be concluded that the nature and physiological responses of the wild pigeon are responding different to some of helminthes and protozoa than domestic birds in this region and this could be due to immune responses of the birds in the wild than domesticated pigeon.