Permutations realized by shifts
نویسنده
چکیده
A permutation π is realized by the shift on N symbols if there is an infinite word on an N -letter alphabet whose successive left shifts by one position are lexicographically in the same relative order as π. The set of realized permutations is closed under consecutive pattern containment. Permutations that cannot be realized are called forbidden patterns. It was shown in [J.M. Amigó, S. Elizalde and M. Kennel, J. Combin. Theory Ser. A 115 (2008), 485–504] that the shortest forbidden patterns of the shift on N symbols have length N + 2. In this paper we give a characterization of the set of permutations that are realized by the shift on N symbols, and we enumerate them with respect to their length. Résumé. Une permutation π est réalisée par le shift avec N symboles s’il y a un mot infini sur un alphabet de N lettres dont les déplacements successifs d’une position à gauche sont lexicographiquement dans le même ordre relatif que π. Les permutations qui ne sont pas réalisées s’apellent des motifs interdits. On sait [J.M. Amigó, S. Elizalde and M. Kennel, J. Combin. Theory Ser. A 115 (2008), 485–504] que les motifs interdits les plus courts du shift avec N symboles ont longueur N + 2. Dans cet article on donne une caractérisation des permutations réalisées par le shift avec N symboles, et on les dénombre selon leur longueur.
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