Array comparative genomic hybridization analysis of PTCL-U reveals a distinct subgroup with genetic alterations similar to lymphoma-type adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma.

PURPOSE Peripheral T-cell lymphoma, unspecified (PTCL-U) comprises histopathologically and clinically heterogeneous groups. The purpose of this study was to identify subgroups with distinct genetic, histopathologic, and prognostic features. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We used array comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) for high-resolution analysis of 51 PTCL-U patients and the array data for examining possible correlations of histopathologic and clinical features. Moreover, we compared the genetic, histopathologic, and prognostic features of the PTCL-U cases with those of 59 cases of lymphoma-type adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL). RESULTS We identified 32 regions with frequent genomic imbalance, 1 region with high copy number gain at 14q32.2, and 1 region with homozygous loss at 9p21.3. Gains of 7p and 7q and loss of 9p21.3 showed a significant association with poor prognosis. PTCL-U cases with genomic imbalance showed distinct histopathologic and prognostic features compared with such cases without alteration and a marked genetic, histopathologic, and prognostic resemblance to lymphoma-type ATLL. CONCLUSIONS The array CGH enabled us to identify the frequently altered genomic regions with strong prognostic power among PTCL-U cases. A correlative analysis using the array CGH data disclosed a subgroup in PTCL-U with genomic alterations and with histopathologic and clinical relevance. In addition to histopathologic similarity, the strong genetic and prognostic resemblance between PTCL-U cases with genomic imbalance detected by array CGH and lymphoma-type ATLL seems to support the notion that the former may constitute a distinct PTCL-U subgroup.