In vitro Toxicity Testing in the Twenty-First Century

مروری بر روشهای ارزیابی سمیت مواد شیمیایی، گذار از روشهای اینویوو به روشهای نوین اینویترو

Exposure to occupational and environmental contaminants is a major contributor to human health problems. Despite significant achievements in the risk assessment of chemicals, the toxicological database, particularly for industrial chemicals, remains limited. Considering there areapproximately 80, 000 chemicals in commerce, and an extremely large number of chemical mixtures, in vivo testing of t...

The Eight Managerial Competencies: Essential Competencies for Twenty First Century Managers

The objective of the present study was to identify managerial competencies. This study reviewed existing managerial competencies in a cultural context resulting in the development of a broad based psychometrically sound leadership questionnaire. The unit of analysis of the research was a theoretical and experimental research related to managerial competencies, provided from seventeen Iranian an...

Molecular-Friendly Histopathology

The rapidly expanding fields of pharmacogenomics and pharmacodiagnostics have presented the pathology laboratories with many challenges and opportunities. As custodians of patient tissues, these laboratories are in the logical position to perform biomolecular testing for proper management of patients. In order to meet these challenges, the pathology laboratories of the twenty-first century shou...

Toxicity Testing and the Toxicity Testing and the Current Situation in IRAN

Commentary on ''Toxicity testing in the 21st century: a vision and a strategy''.

Toxicity Testing in the 21st Century: A Vision and a Strategy (NRC, 2007) presents a bold plan for chemical toxicity testing that replaces whole-animal tests with cell-culture, genetic, other in-vitro techniques, computational methods, and human monitoring. Although the proposed vision is eloquently described, and recent advances in in-vitro and in-silico methods are impressive, it is difficult...