A method for determining states in the course of protein unfolding
نویسندگان
چکیده
A simple model is presented for analyzing a set of spectra obtained from spectrophotometric study of protein titration. With this model one can determine the states of (probable) intermediates in the course of protein unfolding. The model is developed based on abundance of native state, intermediate(s) and denatured state, and their contributions to differential absorbance at selected wavelengths. The model is tested for the two-state unfolding of ribonuclease A by urea in formate buffer, and also for the three-state unfolding of α-lactalbumin by guanidine hydrochloride (GdnHCl) in phosphate buffer. It was demonstrated that unfolding of ribonuclease A is matched acceptably with the two-state model, while α-lactalbumin unfolding starts with a twostate mechanism (when [GdnHCl]≥1.6M) followed by a three-state pathway.
منابع مشابه
Unfolding X-ray spectrum in the diagnostic range using the Monte Carlo Code MCNP5
Introduction: Unfolding X-ray spectrum is a powerful tool for quality control of X-ray tubes. Generally, the acquisition of the X-ray spectrum in diagnostic radiology departments is complicated and difficult due to high photon flux. Measurement of x ray spectra using radiation detectors could not be performed accurately, because of the pulse pile up. Therefore, indirect methods...
متن کاملThe unfolding kinetics of ubiquitin captured with single-molecule force-clamp techniques.
We use single-molecule force spectroscopy to study the kinetics of unfolding of the small protein ubiquitin. Upon a step increase in the stretching force, a ubiquitin polyprotein extends in discrete steps of 20.3 +/- 0.9 nm marking each unfolding event. An average of the time course of these unfolding events was well described by a single exponential, which is a necessary condition for a memory...
متن کاملA Comparative Study of the Defense of Nursing PhD Thesis in Iran and Top United States Universities
Background : The most important event in the doctoral course is the completion and defense of the dissertation, which leads to learning and improving the necessary skills to conduct research and improve performance in the field. Evaluating a doctoral dissertation defense program helps to identify the strengths and weaknesses of this process. Therefore, this comparative study has investigated th...
متن کاملAnalysis of deep drawing process to predict the forming severity considering inverse finite element and extended strain-based forming limit diagram
An enhanced unfolding Inverse Finite Element Method (IFEM) has been used together with an extended strain-based forming limit diagram (EFLD) to develop a fast and reliable approach to predict the feasibility of the deep drawing process of a part and determining where the failure or defects can occur. In the developed unfolding IFEM, the meshed part is properly fold out on the flat sheet and tre...
متن کاملGeopolitical branding of two-factor geographical units
In the course of the evolution of states from the classical states to the modern states, we consider concepts such as two-factor governments, quasi-governments, semi-governments, and so on. Certainly, these emerging states require the proposition of geographical branding or geopolitical branding. Geopolitical branding is one of the main applications of geopolitical agents and is in deep conn...
متن کامل