Formation and Branching Pattern of Cords of Brachial Plexus- a Cadaveric Study in North Indian Population

Address for Correspondence: Dr. Priti Chaudhary, 163P, Bazaar no. 7, Neem wala chawk, Ferozepur Cantt., Punjab, India. Mobile No. +919855952965. E-Mail: [email protected] Access this Article online Quick Response code Web site: *1 Associate Professor, Department of Anatomy, G.G.S.Medical College, Faridkot, Punjab, India. 2 Additional Professor, Department of Anatomy, G.M.C., Amritsar, Punjab, India 3 M.S. Orthopaedics, Medical officer, Civil hospital, Ferozepur, Punjab, India 4 Professor & Head, Department of Anatomy, Genesis institute of Dental Sciences & research, Ferozepur, Punjab, India. BACKGROUND: The anatomical variations in the different parts of brachial plexus in human have been described by many authors. These variations have clinical significance for the surgeons, radiologists and the anatomists. A lot of work has been done on the morphology of branching pattern of the different cords of brachial plexus but almost all the workers are silent about their morphometry. That’s why this study is planned on morphology & morphometry of branching pattern of different cords of brachial plexus. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The present study was conducted on 60 upper limbs belonging to 30 cadavers (Male:Female = 28:02), (Right:Left = 30:30) obtained from Department of Anatomy, Govt. Medical College, Amritsar. These were dissected to expose the different components of brachial plexus. OBSERVATIONS: Out of 60 limbs, the lateral and the medial cords were formed in the usual way in 56 limbs, while the posterior cord was normal in 57 limbs. The average lengths of lateral, medial & posterior cords were 3.37 cm, 4.05 cm & 1.95 cm respectively. The branches of lateral cord depicted more variations in the form of origin as compared with those of medial & posterior cords. The distance of different branches of all the cords from the point of origin to parent cord varied between the two sides of same cadaver as well as on the same side of different cadavers. DISCUSSION & CONCLUSION: The present study on the adult human cadavers is an essential prerequisite for the initial built up of the data base at the grass root level. The anatomy has always provided a bedrock for the sound surgical endeavors. It definitely has an upper edge to widely and indiscriminately used radiological and sophisticated CT and MRI observations which carry a margin of error inherent to any diagnostic procedure because no doubt the machines are a good bet but the eyes see the best.