Direct Memory Access Translation
نویسنده
چکیده
Direct Memory Access Translation (DMTRANS) is a theory of translation developed at CMT of CMU in which translation is viewd as an integrated part of cognitive processing. In this paradigm, understanding in source language is a recognition of input in terms of existing knowledge in memory and integration of the input into the memory. Context of sentences are established as what is left in memory after understanding previous sentences (or a preceding part of a sentence). Decisions made during translation are influenced by what is dynamically modified in memory through preceding recognitions. Since knowledge in memory is directly shared with the rest of cognition, during translation other cognitive processes such as inference can dynamically participate in the translation process.
منابع مشابه
Application of the direct memory access paradigm to NL interfaces to knowledge-based systems
&bstract 't'h~s pa~r describes file use of the Direct Memory Ac~ ~:css (DIdA) pmadig~n hi a practical ltatu~tl lmlguage in~:c~f~tec, Advaaltages and disadvantages of DMA in such ~pplications art~ discussed. 'ihe DMA natural language inteffa~x~ 'I)M-.COMMAND ~ described in this paper is be.. tug u.~;c ¢l tk~r development of a knowledge-based machine translation system at rite Center for Machine ...
متن کاملImproving Embedded Machine Translation with User Interaction
Automated machine translation (MT) of unrestricted texts is known to be error-prone, and thus typically requires human involvement in the translation process to achieve acceptable quality. In a conversational system performing interactive speech translation between two speakers, neither pre-editing nor conventional post-editing is possible, and the users will generally have no direct access to ...
متن کاملEvaluation of RDMA Opportunities in an Object-Oriented DSM
Remote Direct Memory Access (RDMA) is a technology to update a remote machine’s memory without intervention at the receiver side. We evaluate where RDMA can be usefully applied and where it is a loss in Object-Oriented DSM systems. RDMA is difficult to use in modern OO-DSMs due to their support for large address spaces, advanced protocols, and heterogeneity. First, a communication pattern that ...
متن کاملDevirtualizing virtual memory for heterogeneous systems
Accelerators are increasingly recognized as one of the major drivers of future computational growth. For accelerators, unified virtual memory (VM) promises to simplify programming and provide safe data sharing with CPUs. Unfortunately, the overheads of virtual memory, which are high for general-purpose processors, are even higher for accelerators. Providing accelerators with direct access to ph...
متن کاملProtected, User-Level DMA for the SHRIMP Network Interface
Traditional DMA requires the operating system to perform many tasks to initiate a transfer, with overhead on the order of hundreds or thousands of CPU instructions. This paper describes a mechanism, called User-level Direct Memory Access (UDMA), for initiating DMA transfers of input/output data, with full protection, at a cost of only two user-level memory references. The UDMA mechanism uses ex...
متن کامل