Trade Networks and the Kantian Peace
نویسنده
چکیده
Classical-liberal arguments about the pacifying effects of international trade are revisited, and it is argued that they consistently rely on the ability of trade to provide ‘connections’ between people and to create a perceived ‘global community’. The classical-liberal view on trade and peace can be given natural expression and be further developed if it placed in a network perspective. Dependency and openness are commonly used to test for any pacifying effects of trade in the current literature, but these measures fail to capture some of the classical liberals’ key insights. Several network measures are introduced in order to test whether trade linkages reduce interstate conflict. These measures applied to trade flows are incorporated in the Russett and Oneal Triangulating peace model. The main results are that (1) trade networks are indeed pacifying in that both direct and indirect trade linkages matter, (2) direct linkages are generally more important than indirect trade linkages, but the latter can be seen as partial substitutes for direct linkages, and (3) as the global trade network has become more dense over time, the importance of indirect links by way of specific third countries has declined, and the general ‘embeddedness’ of states in the trade network has become more relevant.
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