Wintertime ocean conditions synchronize rockfish growth and seabird reproduction in the central California Current ecosystem
نویسندگان
چکیده
Chronologies developed from annual growth-increment widths of splitnose rockfish (Sebastes pinniger) and yelloweye rockfish (Sebastes ruberrimus) otoliths were compared with time series of lay date and fledgling success for the common murre (Uria aalge) and Cassin’s auklet (Ptychoramphus aleuticus) in the north-central California Current. All time series were exactly dated and spanned 1972 through 1994. In a principal components analysis, the leading principal component (PC1bio) accounted for 64% of the variance in the data set. By entering the upwelling index, the Northern Oscillation index, sea surface temperatures, and the multivariate ENSO (El Niño Southern Oscillation) index into principal components analysis, a time series of environmental variability PC1env was developed for each month of the year. Over the interval 1972 through 1994, PC1bio most strongly correlated with PC1env for February and, to a lesser extent, January and March. Moreover, when each of the six biological time series was related to the 12 PC1env through stepwise multiple regression, February was always the most significant (p < 0.01). The same was true if upwelling index was substituted for PC1env. As upper-trophic predators, rockfish and seabirds independently corroborate that wintertime ocean conditions are critical for productivity in the California Current ecosystem. Résumé : Nous avons comparé les chronologies obtenues à partir des largeurs des incréments de croissance annuelle sur les otolithes du sébaste canari (Sebastes pinniger) et du sébaste aux yeux jaunes (Sebastes ruberrimus) et les séries chronologiques des dates de ponte et du succès de l’envol chez le guillemot marmette (Uria aalge) et le starique de Cassin (Ptychoramphus aleuticus) dans le centre nord du courant de Californie. Toutes les séries chronologiques portent des dates précises et couvrent la période de 1972 à 1994. Dans une analyse des composantes principales, la première composante principale (PC1bio) explique 64 % de la variance de l’ensemble de données. Nous avons produit une série chronologique de la variabilité de l’environnement PC1env pour chaque mois de l’année en incluant l’indice de résurgence, l’indice d’oscillation boréale, les températures superficielles de la mer et l’indice multidimensionnel ENSO (oscillation australe d’El Niño) dans l’analyse des composantes principales. Dans l’intervalle de 1972 jusqu’à la fin de 1994, la PC1bio est le plus fortement corrélée avec PC1env en février et, à un degré moindre, en janvier et en mars. De plus, lorsque chacune des six séries chronologiques biologiques est mise en relation avec les 12 PC1env par une régression multiple pas à pas, février est toujours le mois le plus significatif (p < 0,01). Il en est de même si on substitue l’indice de résurgence à PC1env. En tant que prédateurs de haut niveau trophique, les sébastes et les oiseaux marins confirment de manière indépendante que les conditions de l’océan en hiver sont déterminantes pour la productivité de l’écosystème du courant de la Californie. [Traduit par la Rédaction]
منابع مشابه
Winter and summer upwelling modes and their biological importance in the California Current Ecosystem
Analysis of monthly coastal upwelling intensities revealed two seasonal and biologically relevant upwelling ‘modes’ in the California Current Ecosystem (CCE). The first mode reflected upwelling during the summer months and was characterized by low-frequency (multidecadal) processes, including significant (Po0.01) linear trends at some latitudes. In contrast, the second mode reflected wintertime...
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