Optic Disc and Optic Cup Segmentation for Glaucoma Detection

Glaucoma is an eye disease that leads to vision loss. The symptoms of the glaucoma occurs when disease is quite advance. Glaucoma is called ‘silent thief of sight’ so, that early detection of glaucoma is very essential. In existing approach three methods are used to detect glaucoma namely Assessment of raised intraocular pressure (IOP).Assessment of abnormal visual field. Assessment of damaged optic nerve head. These method are not sensitive enough to be an effective screening tool because glaucoma can be occurs with or without intraocular pressure. A functional test through vision loss requires special equipments which is available only in territory hospitals and therefore unsuitable for screening, so assessment of optic nerve head would be beneficial. Proposed approach based on optic disc and optic cup segmentation for glaucoma screening. In optic disc segmentation, histograms and center surrounding statistics (CSS) are used to classify each superpixel which is either disc or non-disc. For optic cup segmentation in addition to histogram and CSS, the location information is also included into the feature space. After obtaining the optic disc and optic cup, cup-to-disc ratio is calculated. Glaucoma risk can be evaluated by identifying stages of glaucoma.