PD-1-targeted immunotherapy: recent clinical findings.

JB In general, little is known about the role that the PD-1 pathway plays in the control of NSCLC. Based on some small studies, PD-1 expression on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes has shown to decrease cytokine production and decrease the T-cell effector function. Increased expression of the ligand PD-L1 on tumor cells has been correlated with an increase in the number of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in the same region.