Histopathological Study of Lacrimal Gland Tumors

BACKGROUND:. The lacrimal gland is un-capsulated, multilobulated secretory gland situated in the lacrimal gland fossa, behind the supratemporal orbital rim. Tumor and Lesion of the lacrimal gland contain 5 to 18 % of all orbital mass. Aims and objectives: To study the incidence and prevalence of tumor of lacrimal gland. To study the clinical pattern with regard to age, incidence, gender distribution of the tumor. To highlight the histopathological findings that help in making diagnosis of various tumors of lacrimal gland. Also find out the incidence of various types of tumor in lacrimal gland. To find out the common age of presentation for individual tumor. To provide an updated incidence of epithelial lacrimal gland tumours by histopathological examination. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Total 94 cases of lacrimal gland tumors were studied over a period of 20 Years, From1994 to 2014 at department of pathology, M & J Institute of Ophthalmology, Ahmedabad. A detailed clinical history was obtained and specific attention was given to age, sex, pathological examination including gross and microscopy. For the histopathology haematoxylin and eosin stained section were studied from different areas. Sections were studied for tumors cells type which include size, shape, characters of nucleus, nucleolus, mitosis, cytoplasm & arrangement of cells. Malignant tumors were specifically studied for muscular, perineural, lymphatic, and vascular invasion. RESULT: Out of 94 studied lacrimal gland tumors 62cases(65.95%) were benign tumors, and 32 cases(34.04%) were malignant tumors. Pleomorphic adenoma was the commonest lacrimal gland tumor and accounted for 65.95% of all lacrimal gland neoplasms. Adenoid cystic carcinoma was the commonest Malignant tumor, accounted for 27.65%. Most of the benign neoplasms occurred in 3 to 5 decade, while the malignant neoplasms more common in 5 decade. Females were slightly more commonly affected than Males For all lacrimal gland tumors. In addition to it pain was observed in 25 cases, skin involvement seen in 1 case, palpable cervical lymph nodes in 1 cases in which metastatic deposits were seen. One case of Pleomorphic adenoma shows malignant changes, 4 cases shows recurrent lesion in Pleomorphic adenoma (positive previous history). CONCLUSION: Benign tumors were common than malignant tumors. Pleomorphic adenoma was the commonest lacrimal gland tumor and accounted for 65.95%. Adenoid cystic carcinoma was the commonest malignant tumor, accounted for 27.65%. Most of the benign neoplasms occurred in 3 to 5 decade, while the malignant neoplasms more common in 5 decade. Females were slightly more commonly affected than Males For all lacrimal gland tumors.