Gonadal steroid regulation of mood: the lessons of premenstrual syndrome.

Assessing gonadal hormone contributions to affective psychopathologies across humans and animal models.

Despite increasing acknowledgement of hormonal contributions to mood and anxiety disorders, the underlying mechanisms by which gonadal hormones influence psychopathology-related behaviours remain unknown. This review focuses on recent research that examines the influence of gonadal steroid hormones, including androgens, oestrogens, and progesterone, on mood and anxiety-related behaviours in hum...

Gonadal steroids in the treatment of mood disorders.

UNLABELLED Increased interest in the complex interplay between gonadal steroids and neurotransmitter systems involved in mood has led investigators to question the role of gonadal steroids in the treatment of affective disorders, especially in women. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this article is to provide a rationale for using gonadal hormones in the treatment of depression in women. METHODS T...

Evaluation of Regulation Strategies and Traumatic Experiences as Factors Predicting the Severity of Premenstrual Syndrome

Menstrual cycle effects on the dexamethasone suppression test in major depression.

Patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) fiequently exhibit dysregulation of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis reflected in elevated basal cortisol levels as well as resistance to feedback inhibition, which is typically manifested by resistance to suppression by dexamethasone (Carroll et al 1981; Stokes and Sikes 1988). Alterations in and interactions between the HPA and hypotha...

Update on research and treatment of premenstrual dysphoric disorder.

Many women in their reproductive years experience some mood, behavioral. or physical symptoms in the week prior to menses. Variability exists in the level of symptom burden in that some women experience mild symptoms, whereas a small minority experience severe and debilitating symptoms. For an estimated 5%-8% of premenopausal women, work or social functioning are affected by severe premenstrual...