Temporal Grouping Effects in Immediate Recall : A Working Memory Analysis Graham J . H itch
نویسندگان
چکیده
The presence of tempora l pauses during list presentation can markedly improve immediate memory for a sequence of verbal items. A series of experim ents analysed this effect using Baddeley ’ s (1986) model of working memory. Experiment 1 showed that the effect of tempora l g rouping on memory for visual sequences was removed by either articulatory suppression or reciting random digits. Experiment 2 indicated that effects of temporal grouping were insensitive to the word length of the items. Experim ent 3 showed that articulatory suppression did not remove the tempora l g roup ing effec t for aud itory lists. Experiment 4 showed that the temporal g rouping effect was insensitive to the phonemic sim ilarity of the items. The effects of concurrent articulation suggest that g rouping influences the phonological loop component of working memory. However, the working memory model is insuf ® ciently well speci ® ed to account for the insensitivity of g rouping effects to word length and phonem ic sim ilarity. The main ® ndings could be simulated by a connectionist model of the phonological loop, which invokes a context tim ing s ignal (Burgess & Hitch, 1992 , in press), This assum ed that pauses during list presentation affect the tim ing signal in a sim ilar way to the pause before list presentation and made some novel predictions.
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