Functional Neuroanatomy of Deductive Inference
نویسندگان
چکیده
-40280 Inferior frontal gyrus (47)3.38-4444-6 Middle frontal gyrus (47)3.06-3424-12 Inferior frontal gyrus (47)2.78-5224-2 Inferior frontal gyrus (47)2.74-3244-6 Middle frontal gyrus (11)3.17-124036 Medial frontal gyrus (8)3.01 Concrete-101640 Cingulate gyrus (32)3.23-12 -96-20 Medial occipital gyrus (18)3.19281632 Cingulate gyrus (24)3.0340 -7244 Inferior parietal lobule (40)2.56-4 -98-4 Lingual gyrus (18)3.04 Coordinates are in millimeters along the left-right (x), anterior-posterior (y), and superior-inferior(z) axes. In parenthesis after each brain region is the Brodmann area. Coordinates were based onactivation clusters, such that one maximum was reported per 100 activated voxels. Neuroanatomy of Deductive Inference .50 Table 5. Activations for fast minus slow reading for EXPERIMENT III. MNI CoordinatesZxyzRegion Label (BA)ScoreOccipital-8-100-8 Lingual Gyrus (17)7.25-28-904 Middle Occipital Gyrus (18)7.23-12-106-6 Cuneus (18)6.8730-94-6 Middle Occipital Gyrus (18)6.8312-94 -10 Lingual Gyrus (17)6.7030-8224 Superior Occipital Gyrus (19)6.35Parietal-22-6260 Superior Parietal Lobule (7)4.52-22-7058 Superior Parietal Lobule (7)4.39-28-5058 Inferior Parietal Lobule (40)3.84-30-5052 Precuneus (7)3.63-34-5262 Superior Parietal Lobule (7)3.4918-7062 Superior Parietal Lobule (7)3.82Temporal-54-544 Middle Temporal Gyrus (21)4.57-56-586 Middle Temporal Gyrus (21)4.54-58-5012 Superior Temporal Gyrus (22)4.00-60-644 Middle Temporal Gyrus (21/37)3.79-64-4016 Superior Temporal Gyrus (22)3.78-66-3820 Superior Temporal Gyrus (22)3.7556-56-4 Middle Temporal Gyrus (37)2.5152-446 Middle Temporal Gyrus (21)2.4864-4018 Superior Temporal Gyrus (22)2.40Frontal-48456 Middle Frontal Gyrus (6)6.29-56446 Middle Frontal Gyrus (6)4.79-34-648 Middle Frontal Gyrus (6)4.40-54336 Middle Frontal Gyrus (6)3.88PosteriorCerebellum34-62 -32 Crus I6.67-2-76 -24 Vermis of VIIAt6.52-36-62 -32 Crus I5.64 Neuroanatomy of Deductive Inference .51 Table 6. Activations for complex minus simple (collapsed across content and validity) forEXPERIMENT IV. MNI CoordinatesZxyzRegion Label (BA)scoreFrontal-482440 Middle Frontal Gyrus (9)4.26-562232 Middle Frontal Gyrus (9)4.26-401246 Middle Frontal Gyrus (6)4.16-381240 Precentral Gyrus (9)4.11-481640 Middle Frontal Gyrus (9)4.11-381652 Superior Frontal Gyrus (8)4.00-32604 Middle Frontal Gyrus (10p)4.16-4836-8 Inferior Frontal Gyrus (47)4.04-3858-4 Middle Frontal Gyrus (10p)3.99-46500 Inferior Frontal Gyrus (10p)3.88-5244-8 Middle Frontal Gyrus (47)3.47-4648-10 Middle Frontal Gyrus (11)3.47482834 Middle Frontal Gyrus (9)3.82522034 Middle Frontal Gyrus (9)3.78422846 Middle Frontal Gyrus (8)3.58482428 Middle Frontal Gyrus (46)3.37-62846 Medial Frontal Gyrus (8)4.31-23434 Medial Frontal Gyrus (9)3.66-43836 Medial Frontal Gyrus (9)3.64-62256 Superior Frontal Gyrus (8)3.50Parietal-34-6646 Superior Parietal Lobule (7)5.05-46-5048 Inferior Parietal Lobule (40)4.75-50-4642 Inferior Parietal Lobule (40)4.67-40-6648 Superior Parietal Lobule (7)4.51-44-5444 Inferior Parietal Lobule (40)4.33-42-6252 Superior Parietal Lobule (7)4.28 Neuroanatomy of Deductive Inference .52 Table 7. Activations for initial reading of first premise (for all trials) for EXPERIMENT IV. MNI CoordinatesZxyzRegion Label (BA)ScoreFrontal-50042 Middle Frontal Gyrus (6)7.32 -8460Pre-SMASuperior Frontal Gyrus (6)6.59 -4458Pre-SMASuperior Frontal Gyrus (6)6.59 -81248Pre-SMAMedial Frontal Gyrus (6)6.01 41250Pre-SMAMedial Frontal Gyrus (6)6.00-102228 Cingulate Gyrus (32)5.50-481622 Inferior Frontal Gyrus (45)5.46-502818 Inferior Frontal Gyrus (46)5.464-3426 Cingulate Gyrus (23)5.39-522012 Inferior Frontal Gyrus (45)5.21-102034 Cingulate Gyrus (32)5.08-542410 Inferior Frontal Gyrus (45)5.02-422012 Inferior Frontal Gyrus (44/45)5.0230456 Middle Frontal Gyrus (9)4.8334866 Middle Frontal Gyrus (6)4.8034468 Middle Frontal Gyrus (6)4.79Parietal-30-6454 Superior Parietal Lobule (7)8.08-36-6448 Superior Parietal Lobule (7)7.95Temporal7.79-58-464 Middle Temporal Gyrus (21/22)7.48-66-546 Middle Temporal Gyrus (21/22)7.48-60-608 Middle Temporal Gyrus (39)7.46-46-500 Middle Temporal Gyrus (22/39)5.2942-42-22 Fusiform Gyrus (37)5.57Occipital4.99-10-82-4 Lingual Gyrus (18)-10-802 Cuneus (17)6.12-8-880 Lingual Gyrus (17)5.84-8-7410 Cuneus (18)5.3010-88-6 Lingual Gyrus (18)5.29-10-72-8 Lingual Gyrus (18)4.91Other Neuroanatomy of Deductive Inference .53 -6-32-8 Midbrain7.36-2-30-8 Midbrain7.284-32-10 Midbrain7.20-12-166 Thalamus6.94614-2 Caudate Head6.851414-4 Caudate Head6.71-30242 Anterior Insula (13)6.58-4-3624 Posterior Cingulate (23)4.81-6-4022 Posterior Cingulate4.70Posterior Cerebellum-2-58-50 IX (tonsil)5.7738-42-30 VI5.54-22-38-52 VIIIA5.4534-46-26 VI5.06 Neuroanatomy of Deductive Inference .54 Table 8. Activations for complex minus simple deductions specific to houses and faces content(collapsing across valid-invalid) for EXPERIMENT IV MNI CoordinatesZxyzRegion Label (BA)scoreFaces-44 -16 -40 Inferior Temporal Gyrus (20)2.70-34 -5616 Superior Temporal Gyrus (19/22)2.581456 -20 Superior Frontal Gyrus (11)2.46Houses30 -20 -14 Parahippocampal Gyrus Hippocampus3.2116 -30 -16 Parahippocampal Gyrus (35)3.04-16 -30 -12 Parahippocampal Gyrus (35)3.02-62 -3426 Inferior Parietal Lobule (40)3.09-36 -9212 Middle Occipital Gyrus (19)3.23-16 -9016 Cuneus (18)3.02 Neuroanatomy of Deductive Inference .55 Table 9. Activations for equivalence minus grammar trials for EXPERIMENT V. MNI CoordinatesZxyzRegion Label (BA)Score Frontal-38648 Middle Frontal Gyrus (6)7.56-421826 Middle Frontal Gyrus (46)7.21-502222 Inferior Frontal Gyrus (45)6.97-38644 Middle Frontal Gyrus (8)6.85-501824 Inferior Frontal Gyrus (9)6.64-381052 Middle Frontal Gyrus (6)6.5840854 Middle Frontal Gyrus (6)6.13441456 Superior Frontal Gyrus (6/8)5.91301060 Middle Frontal Gyrus (6)5.64321056 Superior Frontal Gyrus (6)5.63483028 Middle Frontal Gyrus (46)5.41381254 Superior Frontal Gyrus (6/8)5.34Parietal4 -5838 Precuneus (7)7.89-36 -4042 Inferior Parietal Lobule (40)7.13-1 -6854 Precuneus (7)7.072 -6846 Precuneus (7)6.86-24 -6646 Superior Parietal Lobule (7)6.4634 -5462 Superior Parietal Lobule (7)5.01Temporal-54 -6216 Superior Temporal Gyrus (39)5.21-60 -6214 Superior Temporal Gyrus (22)4.62Subcortical-16-420 Caudate5.20-16-616 Caudate4.69-14 -1418 Caudate4.62-14 -1018 Caudate4.60Posterior Cerebellum-34 -72-36 Crus I6.54-8 -84-36 Crus II6.4614 -74-26 Crus I6.1736 -68-32 Crus I6.164 -80-40 Crus II (Vermis)6.13-28 -66-36 Crus I6.07 Neuroanatomy of Deductive Inference .56
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تاریخ انتشار 2006