The effects of low-fat skim chocolate milk on urinary hydration indices in a sample of Division 1-AA cross country runners during off-season training sessions
نویسندگان
چکیده
Methods Urine samples were collected from nine cross country runners twice a week (on the intense interval training days each week) for six weeks pre and post practice sessions. Each week participants consumed one of the three rehydration drinks. Participants served as their own control and drink choice was randomized in a cross over design across the three drinks. Urine was tested at four different times on each of the experimental days; (1) before practice (PRE), (2) immediately after practice (IPE), (3) 60 minutes after practice (RECV), (4) and a midnight sample (PST). Four urine indexes were examined on each of the experimental days to assess the difference in hydration status using the three experimental drinks: 1) Urine osmolality1 (Uosm), 2) specific gravity2 (Usg), 3) volume of urine output3 (Uo), and 4) urine color4 (Ucol).
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