Dietary intake of young twins: nature or nurture?123
نویسندگان
چکیده
BACKGROUND The early years in life are increasingly recognized as a critical period for the development of diet-related behavioral traits. However, discussions continue on the relative role of genes and the environment in determining dietary intake, particularly in young children for whom detailed dietary information is limited. OBJECTIVES This study tested the hypothesis that diet in early childhood is primarily determined by the environment rather than by genes. A secondary aim was to characterize the early childhood diet. DESIGN A classic twin design used 3-d dietary data collected at age 21 mo from the Gemini cohort. From the full sample of 2402 families with twins, dietary diaries were available for 1216 twin pairs (384 monozygotic and 832 dizygotic pairs) after exclusions. Intakes of macronutrients, food, and beverages were estimated. Twin analyses quantified the contributions of genetic and environmental factors to population variation in intake. RESULTS At age 21 mo, children consumed small portions of a wide range of family foods. The shared environment was the predominant determinant, contributing between 66% (95% CI: 52%, 77%; milk-based desserts) and 97% (95% CI: 95%, 98%; juice) of the variation in intake. Genetic factors were estimated to account for between 4% (95% CI: 0%, 10%; savory snacks) and 18% (95% CI: 14%, 23%; bread) of dietary intake variation. CONCLUSION Shared environmental influences are the predominant drivers of dietary intake in very young children, indicating the importance of factors such as the home food environment and parental behaviors.
منابع مشابه
?The History of Twins, As a Criterion of the Relative Powers of Nature and Nurture? (1875), by Francis Galton
In the article ?The History of Twins, As a Criterion of the Relative Powers of Nature and Nurture,? Francis Galton [2] describes his study of twins. Published in 1875 in Fraser?s Magazine in London, England, the article lays out Galton?s use of twins to examine and distinguish between the characteristics people have at birth and the characteristics they receive from the circumstances of life an...
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