The use of speech generating devices in communication interventions for individuals with developmental disabilities: a review of the literature.

OBJECTIVE This review synthesizes communication interventions that involved the use of speech generating devices (SGD) for individuals with developmental disabilities. METHODS Systematic searches of electronic databases, journals and reference lists identified 35 studies meeting the inclusion criteria. These studies were evaluated in terms of (a) participants, (b) SGD function, (c) SGD characteristics, (d) intervention procedures, (e) intervention results and (f) certainty of evidence. RESULTS Across these studies, intervention was provided to a total of 86 participants aged 1-42 years. Communication skills targeted included requesting, social or conversational skills, labelling items and receptive language. Intervention approaches were categorized as using Discrete Trial Training, Milieu teaching or a combined instructional approach. Positive outcomes were reported in 86% of the studies with 54% of studies categorized as providing conclusive evidence. CONCLUSION This literature base is considered promising due to the large number of conclusive studies and the replication of intervention approaches.