Radiosonde Daytime Biases and Late – 20 th Century Warming
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چکیده
estimation. 25. Materials and methods are available as supporting material on Science Online. 26. F. J. Wentz, M. Schabel, Nature 403, 414 (2000). 27. T. M. Smith, R. W. Reynolds, J. Clim.18, 2021 (2005). 28. P. D. Jones, A. Moberg, J. Clim. 16, 206 (2003). 29. HadCRUT2v is the designation for version 2 of the (variance-corrected) Hadley Centre/Climatic Research Unit surface temperature data set. 30. Q. Fu, C. M. Johanson, S. G. Warren, D. J. Seidel, Nature 429, 55 (2004). 31. P. H. Stone, J. H. Carlson, J. Atmos. Sci. 36, 415 (1979). 32. Here, we define X as the arithmetic mean of the ensemble means, i.e., X 0 1 N PN
منابع مشابه
Radiosonde daytime biases and late-20th century warming.
The temperature difference between adjacent 0000 and 1200 UTC weather balloon (radiosonde) reports shows a pervasive tendency toward cooler daytime compared to nighttime observations since the 1970s, especially at tropical stations. Several characteristics of this trend indicate that it is an artifact of systematic reductions over time in the uncorrected error due to daytime solar heating of th...
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