Amino Acid Biosynthesis Inhibiting Herbicides
نویسنده
چکیده
The identification of herbicide families that act through the inhibition of amino acid biosynthesis has resulted in revolutionary progress in agricultural practices. This review describes three herbicide classes which act through this mode-of-action; including glufosinate (also called phosphinothricin, Liberty, Ignite, or Finale) which inhibits ammonia assimilation, glyphosate (Roundup, Touchdown, Glyphomax) which blocks aromatic amino acid biosynthesis, and several chemical families of acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors (sulfonylureas, imidazolinones, triazolopyrimidines, pyrimidinyl thiobenzoates and sulfonylaminocarbonyltriazolinones). These herbicide families share several characteristics including, a single plant-specific biochemical target site (with the exception of glufosinate) and low mammalian toxicity.
منابع مشابه
Branched-chain amino acid biosynthesis inhibitors: herbicide efficacy is associated with an induced carbon-nitrogen imbalance.
Acetolactate synthase (ALS; EC 4.1.3.18) and ketol-acid reductoisomerase (KARI; EC 1.1.1.86) are two consecutive enzymes in the biosynthesis of branched-chain amino acids. Several commercial herbicides inhibit ALS as their primary site of action. KARI has also attracted attention as a potential target for herbicides. Although potent and selective inhibitors of KARI have been discovered, these i...
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