Cartan Invariants of Symmetric Groups and Iwahori-hecke Algebras

Külshammer, Olsson and Robinson conjectured that a certain set of numbers determined the invariant factors of the `-Cartan matrix for Sn (equivalently, the invariant factors of the Cartan matrix for the Iwahori-Hecke algebra Hn(q), where q is a primitive `th root of unity). We call these invariant factors Cartan invariants. In a previous paper, the second author calculated these Cartan invariants when ` = p, p prime, and r ≤ p and went on to conjecture that the formulae should hold for all r. Another result was obtained, which is surprising and counterintuitive from a block theoretic point of view. Namely, given the prime decomposition ` = p1 1 · · · p rk k , the Cartan matrix of an `-block of Sn is a product of Cartan matrices associated to p ri i -blocks of Sn. In particular, the invariant factors of the Cartan matrix associated to an `-block of Sn can be recovered from the Cartan matrices associated to the pi i -blocks. In this paper, we formulate an explicit combinatorial determination of the Cartan invariants of Sn–not only for the full Cartan matrix, but for an individual block. We collect evidence for this conjecture, by showing that the formulae predict the correct determinant of the `-Cartan matrix. We then go on to show that Hill’s conjecture implies the conjecture of Külshammer, Olsson and Robinson.