Formation of Halonitromethanes and Iodo-Trihalomethanes in Drinking Water [Project #4063]
نویسندگان
چکیده
BACKGROUND: Since THMs were first discovered in drinking water in the early 1970s, DBP issues have become a major regulatory driving force in the United States. To date, more than 600 DBPs have been identified in drinking waters; however, only 11 DBPs (4 trihalomethanes [THMs], 5 haloacetic acids [HAAs], bromate and chlorite) are currently regulated. Available toxicological data indicates that regulated DBPs do not produce urinary bladder cancer consistently associated with chlorinated water. Additionally, it has been shown that their potencies are orders of magnitudes too low to account for other associations such as cancer and reproductive/developmental effects.
منابع مشابه
Formation of iodo-trihalomethanes, iodo-haloacetic acids, and haloacetaldehydes during chlorination and chloramination of iodine containing waters in laboratory controlled reactions.
Iodine containing disinfection by-products (I-DBPs) and haloacetaldehydes (HALs) are emerging disinfection by-product (DBP) classes of concern. The former due to its increased potential toxicity and the latter because it was found to be the third most relevant DBP class in mass in a U.S. nationwide drinking water study. These DBP classes have been scarcely investigated, and this work was perfor...
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Introduction: Chlorination is the most common and successful method for disinfection of drinking water, especially in developing countries. However, due to the probability of formation of disinfection by-products especially Trihalomethanes (THMs) that are known as hazardous and usually carcinogenic compounds, this study was conducted to assess the investigation of THMs in drinking water of Abba...
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Iodinated X-ray contrast media (ICM) were investigated as a source of iodine in the formation of iodo-trihalomethane (iodo-THM) and iodo-acid disinfection by-products (DBPs), both of which are highly genotoxic and/or cytotoxic in mammalian cells. ICM are widely used at medical centers to enable medical imaging of soft tissues (e.g., organs, veins, blood vessels), they are almost completely excr...
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The occurrence of 28 disinfection by-products (DBPs), which were divided into 5 groups, in 70 drinking water treatment plants in 31 cities across China was investigated, and the toxic potency of each DBP group was calculated using mammalian cell toxicity data from previous studies for profiling. Of the 28 DBPs, 21 were detected with an average frequency of detection of 50%. Trihalomethanes (THM...
متن کاملThe formation and control of emerging disinfection by-products of health concern.
When drinking water treatment plants disinfect water, a wide range of disinfection by-products (DBPs) of health and regulatory concern are formed. Recent studies have identified emerging DBPs (e.g. iodinated trihalomethanes (THMs) and acids, haloacetonitriles, halonitromethanes (HNMs), haloacetaldehydes, nitrosamines) that may be more toxic than some of the regulated ones (e.g. chlorine- and br...
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