Attenuation of long interfacial waves over a randomly rough seabed

The effects of randomly irregular bathymetry on the propagation of interfacial gravity waves are studied. Modelling sea water by a two-layer fluid of different densities, weakly nonlinear waves much longer than the sea depth but comparable to the horizontal scale of bathymetry are treated by Boussinesq approximation and multiplescale analysis. For transient wave pulses, the governing equation for the pulse profile is shown to be an integro-differential equation combining KdV and Burgers terms. Quantitative and qualitative effect of disorder on the attenuation of wave amplitude, reduction of wave speed and change of wave profile are examined numerically and analytically based on the asymptotic approximation. For time-harmonic waves, modecoupling equations are derived and examined for the competition between diffusion by random scattering, steepening by nonlinearity and frequency dispersion for a broad range of depth ratios.