Macroscopic anatomy of the superficial veins of the lower limb: a systematic review based upon echography.

Saphenous Veins are described in Anatomy textbooks as superficial veins running in the amorphous fatty layer of the lower limbs. Recent papers have demonstrated the complex fascial relationship of Saphenous Veins with the connective framework of the lower limb hypodermis. The aim of the present paper was to systematically review the anatomy of lower limb superficial veins, based upon echographic findings, in a series of normal subject. Our results offer new insight into lower limbs superficial veins anatomy, with important clinical and surgical implications.