Financing Harmful Bubbles

Financing Risk and Bubbles of Innovation∗

New ventures that commercialize radical technologies tend to cluster in time. Funding for new ventures also ebbs and flows, often synchronous with significant innovations. We suggest that financial market activity is not purely a response to novel technologies but rather, financial markets drive innovation bubbles. We show that financing risk is inherent to the funding of new ventures, but vari...

Size Distribution of Air Bubbles Entering the Brain during Cardiac Surgery

BACKGROUND Thousands of air bubbles enter the cerebral circulation during cardiac surgery, but whether high numbers of bubbles explain post-operative cognitive decline is currently controversial. This study estimates the size distribution of air bubbles and volume of air entering the cerebral arteries intra-operatively based on analysis of transcranial Doppler ultrasound data. METHODS Transcr...

Financing Risk and Innovation Waves∗

The great waves of innovation are often associated with investment in startup firms. The inherent uncertainty in these firms leads investors to stage investments which causes investors to face a unstudied type of risk. We introduce the importance of financing risk and show how it can both cause and amplify waves of innovation in the real economy. Financing risk occurs when investors with limite...

Hydrodynamic investigation of multiple rising bubbles using lattice Boltzmann method

Hydrodynamics of multiple rising bubbles as a fundamental two-phase phenomenon is studied numerically by lattice Boltzmann method and using Lee two-phase model. Lee model based on Cahn-Hilliard diffuse interface approach uses potential form of intermolecular forces and isotropic finite difference discretization. This approach is able to avoid parasitic currents and leads to a stable procedure t...

Bubbles In Tehran Stock Exchange