Effects of Prior Detections on Estimates of Detection Probability, Abundance, and Occupancy
نویسندگان
چکیده
Resumen.—Los métodos de muestreo que explican la probabilidad de detección usualmente requieren detecciones repetidas de aves individuales o visitas repetidas a un sitio para realizar conteos o recolectar datos de presencia-ausencia. Los encuentros iniciales con especies individuales o individuos de una especie podrían influenciar las probabilidades de detección de encuentros subsecuentes. Por ejemplo, los observadores pueden tener una mayor probabilidad de detectar repetidamente una especie o un individuo una vez que están conscientes de la presencia de esta especie o individuo en un sitio en particular. No considerar estos efectos podría conducir a estimadores sesgados de la probabilidad de detección, abundancia y ocupación. Evaluamos los efectos de detecciones previas en tres bases de datos que difirieron dramáticamente en las especies, localización geográfica y método de conteo de las aves. Encontramos una fuerte evidencia (pesos del criterio de información de Akaike de % a %) a favor de modelos que permitieron incorporar los efectos de detecciones previas. Estos modelos produjeron estimados de la probabilidad de detección, abundancia y ocupación que difirieron substancialmente de aquellos producidos por los modelos que ignoraron los efectos de las detecciones previas. Discutimos las consecuencias de los efectos de las detecciones previas para varios métodos de muestreo y brindamos recomendaciones para evitar estos efectos a través del diseño de los muestreos o mediante su modelado cuando no pueden ser evitados.
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