A Robust and Universal Constant-gm Circuit Technique for Low- Voltage Rail-to-Rail Amplifiers
نویسندگان
چکیده
− A universal and robust circuit technique to maintain a constant transconductance in rail-to-rail amplifiers, based on an input stage made up of parallelconnected complementary differential pairs, is introduced in this paper. The principle of operation consists of comparing the total transconductance with a reference value and then, appropriated tail currents are generated for the complementary input pairs. Experimental results show a total gm deviation of ±1.25%, over the full input common-mode range of a 3-V rail-to-rail amplifier fabricated in a 0.8-μm CMOS technology.
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