Risk factors of renal stone in patients with recurrent nephrolithiasis: A case-control study

Renal stone disease is common and caused by a variety of conditions. The overall lifetime rate of renal stone in the general population is approximately 5-12%. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of recurrence rate and metabolic changes present in patients with urinary lithiasis. Patients with renal stone, who attended the nephrology clinics in Ahvaz, Iran, were enrolled into the study. One hundred and forty patients and 60 control cases were recruited to the study. Predominance observed for male gender, with 2.1:1 ratio. There were also 33 men and 27 women in control group. Mean age was 36.8±14.3 and 40.5 ± 14.5 years for patients and control group respectively. Frequency of diabetes mellitus (p = 0 .90), urinary tract infection (p = 0.125) and cystinuria (p = 0.181) did not significantly differ among patients and control cases. Mean body mass index, daily fluid intake, serum fasting glucose, potassium, sodium, magnesium, calcium, alkaline phosphates, parathormone and cholesterol show no statistically significant difference between patients and control group. Mean serum BUN, creatinine, phosphorus, uric acid, and triglyceride levels were significantly higher in patients compared to control group. Mean of 24-hour urine volume, excreted sodium, uric acid, and citrate were significantly higher in patients group too. We concluded that evaluation of recurrent stone formers by examining their blood and urine samples, especially 24-hour urine sample, is beneficial to find underlying metabolic disorder. [Ali Ghorbani, Heshmatollah Shahbazian and Leila Moradi. Risk factors of renal stone in patients with recurrent nephrolithiasis: A case-control study. Life Sci J 2012;9(4):3038-3043] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 446