PPAR: A Pivotal Regulator in Metabolic Syndromes

Copyright: © 2012 Fei J. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor (PPAR) includes three isoforms: PPARα, PPARβ/δ and PPARγ. They are transcription factors activated by hormone stimulation. PPARs were discovered by Isseman and Green in 1990 [1]. After almost two decades of study, PPARs have become the hot molecules due to its diverse regulations in cellular function such as immune response, β-oxidation, cell-cycle regulation, cell differentiation, insulin signaling, lipid and glucose homeostasis [2]. The related articles on PPARs have burst out from dozen per year in the beginning to nearly thousands per year recently (2011) based on the analysis in Pubmed database.